Researchers from Imperial College London and University College London have found that early intervention to lower harmful LDL cholesterol could reduce levels by more than 60% in certain cases, offering major implications for heart disease prevention.
The studies suggest that tackling low-density lipoprotein (LDL), often known as “bad cholesterol,” at an early stage is significantly more effective than treating patients once they are already at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
According to the findings, even a small reduction in LDL levels from recommended thresholds can cut long-term risk of heart attacks and strokes by around a quarter, while late-stage treatment requires far greater reductions and stronger medication doses.
Researchers warned that delaying treatment often leads to patients requiring higher doses of cholesterol-lowering drugs such as statins, which can increase the risk of side effects and intolerance.
With heart disease cases expected to rise in the UK in the coming years due to ageing populations and lifestyle factors, experts say early cholesterol control could play a crucial role in reducing future health burdens.
The research also highlighted a new gene therapy approach developed by scientists at UCL, known as VERVE-102, which targets the PCSK9 gene responsible for regulating LDL levels in the blood.
In clinical trials involving patients with inherited high cholesterol or early-onset coronary disease, a single-dose infusion of the therapy reduced LDL levels by up to 60%, with results sustained over an 18-month follow-up period and minimal side effects reported.
Experts say the breakthrough could transform long-term cardiovascular care by improving treatment adherence and shifting the focus from ongoing medication to one-off preventive therapies.
Overall, the findings point towards a shift in medical strategy from late-stage treatment to early prevention, potentially changing how millions of people are protected against heart disease.
