The Ministry of Health (KKM) has clarified that there is no strong evidence or official report linking the use of perfumes to cancer, particularly lymphoma.
The statement follows a viral video on social media claiming that certain perfumes could pose serious side effects and increase cancer risk, prompting public concern about lymphoma from fragrance sprays.
KKM explained that modern cosmetics, including perfumes, are formulated using a mix of natural and synthetic ingredients to enhance properties such as scent longevity, texture, colour, and shelf life. While some studies suggest certain components may cause minor health effects—such as skin irritation, allergies, endocrine disruption, or reproductive issues—the link to cancer has not been established. Daily exposure levels for users are generally very low.
“Perfumes are regulated like other cosmetics under Malaysia’s Cosmetic Product Control Guidelines. Companies must notify each product to the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) and ensure it is safe for use under normal conditions,” said KKM.
A survey by BH found that the viral claims triggered numerous social media comments, with users sharing personal experiences of mild reactions such as itching or rashes. However, none of these reports were medically confirmed to be linked to cancer. Most viral videos rely on subjective, emotional testimonies without scientific proof.
KKM also noted widespread public misunderstanding regarding chemical terms and synthetic ingredients in perfumes. Many assume that synthetic-based products are inherently high-risk, whereas approved NPRA products are considered safe with minimal daily exposure.
Safety assessments include chemical composition checks, exposure level analysis, heavy metal testing, and microbiological evaluation. Products containing prohibited substances or exceeding safe limits are not allowed on the market.
“Perfumes are generally classified as low-risk cosmetics. Continuous monitoring is conducted through the Cosmetic Notification Quality Monitoring Program, including sampling, heavy metal testing, microbiological analysis, and product file audits,” KKM added.
Priority is given to high-risk cosmetics, such as baby products, skin-lightening cosmetics, or products with active ingredients. To date, NPRA has received no serious side effect reports related to notified perfumes.
Members of the public experiencing adverse reactions are urged to stop using the product and seek professional health advice. Complaints can be submitted via the Cosmetic Product Complaint Form (N3-FR-66) to aduankos@npra.gov.my or through the Public Complaint Management System (SISPAA) for non-notified products.
KKM emphasized that these safety guidelines follow the ASEAN Cosmetic Directive (ACD), detailing prohibited and restricted ingredients, preservatives, UV filters, dyes, and chemicals listed under the Poisons Act 1952, ensuring user safety and minimizing risk from harmful chemicals.
